Introduction Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) is a viral infection affecting cattle, causing severe economic damage to farmers and disrupting local and international livestock markets. Though traditionally common in Africa and parts of Asia, the disease made a startling emergence in Europe, spreading rapidly after its first appearance in Turkey in 2013. Among the European countries […]
Introduction: Genocides have left indelible marks on the pages of history, forcing nations to confront the darkest chapters of their past. Some countries, such as the United States and various European nations, have grappled with the shadows of genocide and taken steps toward acknowledgment and reconciliation. However, the Armenian Genocide, a tragic episode during the […]
Introduction: The aftermath of World War I saw the emergence of a reformed Turkey under the leadership of its first president, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. His vision aimed at modernizing the country and aligning it with the global community, marking a departure from the Ottoman Empire’s past. Atatürk’s vision not only encompassed modernization but also encompassed […]